Hits: 0
WPCNR COMMON COUNCIL-CHRONICLE EXAMINER. December 29, 2008: At a Special Meeting this evening called Friday by city hall, the Common Council will hear the Commissioner ofPublic Safety discuss the advantages to the police and fire departments of the proposed new shifts in the Police and Fire contracts now under consideration. The meeting takes place at City Hall at 5:30 P.M.
WPCNR in checking on the 12-hour shift situation for police around the country in a random, but by no
means exhaustive internet check, found that, according to a survey of 300 police departments with
over 50 sworn members made by The Police Foundation in November of 2005, the most-employed
shift length was the 8-hour shift with 40%. Larger agencies (101 to 200 members) employed the 10-
hour shift with the 8-hour shift used as often (32%) as the 10-hour shift. The 12-hour shift was “most
likely to be implemented in smaller agencies (under 100 officers, more than 50 officers).
A total of 28.5% of smaller agencies surveyed adopted 12-hour schedules. Only 19.5% of the mid-
sized (101 to 200 officers) and 15% of departments surveyed with over 200 officers had adopted the
12-hour shifts. The survey found 8-hour shifts are most common across all agency types. In the survey
of 287 departments, 58.5% were smaller departments (50 and 100 sworn officers); 28.6% were from
mid-sized (101 TO 200 sworn officers).. and 14% were large agencies (201 sworn members or more).
According to an article published this fall by the Police Officers Association of Michigan, 12-hour shifts
with adequate gaps in rotations from nights to days, do not result in fatigue factor at the end of the 12-
hour shift, a factor often feared in shifts to 12-hour tours. The article quotes a survey of the Louisiana
State Police which found
“12-hour shifts improve morale and family life. Police officers who work the 12-hoursift generally spend
more time with their families; have more time and energy to perform routine tasks or larger projects
outside of work. Every other weekend off allows them to conduct long-range planning and more time
for recreation. A vast majority of spouses also reported overall satisfaction with the 12-hour schedule
(note – only 50% of officers have to work the holiday on 12-hour shifts, versus 75% under an 8-hour
system). It should be noted that there have been no insurmountable problems reported in implementing
a 12-hour schedule.”
The Michigan Police Officers Association reports that the 12-hour shift reduces sick leave, stating, “sick hours tend to drop a
nominal amount, the number of incidents (happening on a shift), decreased substantially more. Surveys indicate that sick leave
has increased when fast rotating (12-hour) shifts are scheduled. “
The article advises a straight 12-hour shift for several weeks allows physiological adjustment and result in a larger
decrease in the mount of sick leave.
Increases Officer Count.
The Michigan association found that “decreases in annual and sick leave affords more available
manpower, which can assist departments that have experienced a decrease in personnel through
attrition.”
The Michagan Police Association found that the 12-hour schedule helps officers handle second jobs
better without affecting their police performance: “Police officers suffer extremely early burnout and
struggle with scheduling problems. One reason is because many of them typically use their off time to
moonlight. Twelve-hour schedules are improving this situation and making scheduling of hours at their
second job more convenient.”
Officers Love the 12-Hour Shift.
The love of the 12-hour schedule is found on comments on the 12-hour schedules on various police blogs, to wit:
From a Chicago suburban officer:
In my opinion the 12 hour shifts are great. It can be a long night especially with overtime but the time off is great. How our schedule works. This weekend I work Friday, Saturday, Sunday, off on Mon, Tues, work Wed, Thur, Off on Friday, Sat, Sun. Every other weekend is a three day weekend. Its great for time off and doing other things. It’s also nice if there is overtime available especially for a whole shift. 12 hours of OT is a nice bit of change in my pocket. The way the time works out every 6 weeks we are owed 12 hours back. We can take it as R/T (reclaim time) or just as a day off (we call it a Kelly Day, KDO) This schedule works out great. A perfect example is this let’s say it’s your short work week. You are only working Wed,Thur, so you have a KDO on Wed and burn a day of vacation on Thursday. Now you have 7 days off and only burned one day of vacation! I cant say enough good things about the 12 hour shifts.
From a police officer in Ohio:
“Used to work 12’s. Personally, I liked it better than 8’s or 10’s (which I’ve also worked). Our schedule was one where you had a three day weekend off every other week. It made for a long weekend on (three 12’s in a row on the weekend is a long shift), but you never had more than two days on in a row otherwise.”
The biggest downside to 12’s is the fact that you don’t have much time to do anything on the days you work. I tended to come home, eat, and go right to bed so I could get up for the next shift. The extra days off tend to balance that out, though.”
Another Ohio officer:
“As previously stated, 12s can be great because of the time off. Our department is currently on 12s and we are going through a change of command (our chief left and we are in limbo awaiting a replacement). The mayor is a retired chief of police and he advocates for 8 hour shifts. This has the department in an uproar because the guys love the 12s.
I’m used to working long shifts at my current full time gig so 12s don’t bother me. But, it does make for a long day if you have court/get stuck over on something and the overtime adds up quick.
I’ve never worked 10s but I think they would be a good median between the 8s or 12s. IMHO 8s are not efficient. You go out on something good and when you clear your shift could be more than half over.
From Louisiana:
“every 2 weeks we rotate from days to nights and back,think of it this way you only work 7 days every 2 weeks so technically you only work 1/2 a year love it…”
Management Talks
Captain Jon Sundermeier, Lincoln, Nebraska, Police Department, notes the advantages from a management perspective, writing in Police Chief Magazine gave a perspective on the 12-hour shift. The LPD has 300 sworn officers and serves a city of 230,000 persons. White Plains has about 200 officers and serves a city of 57,000 by night, 200,000 by day. The Captain writes:
One advantage of the 12-hour shift is that it provides excellent coverage during peak times—typically late afternoon and evening and on into the early morning hours on weekends. A day shift and a night shift provide basic coverage for 24 hours, while another group of officers is scheduled from early afternoon to early morning hours. Staggered start times allow for constant coverage at the beginning and end of shifts. Although it is possible to build a schedule that provides similar coverage with 8- or 10-hour shifts, or a combination of both, the result is usually more complicated and unwieldy.
The captain finds that sick leave use initially decreased, but by the end of 2006, it had climbed back to ”slightly more than the average of 1,912 hours used by the same police team in the three previous years.”
He writes: “Some of the departments that the LPD contacted while planning implementation of the new shifts reported an overall decrease, but this was not the case in the first year of implementation in Lincoln.” He cautions that the test group of 12% of the work force meant you could not draw “meaningful conclusions” about sick leave from the trial.
The 12-hour shift has been touted by the City of White Plains as a significant way of decreasing police overtime.
Lincoln Police report that there was no significant drop in overtime, but saw significant trends in three areas: a decrease in overtime taken as time off; an almost 50% increase in overtime for court and a 51% decrease in the amount of overtime paid to complete reports.
Captain Sundenmeir gives it high marks: “The employee survey also indicates that 12-hour shifts have a mitigating effect on the negative aspects of shift work. Officers report being more rested and ready to return to work after days off but also note there is little time for anything but work during their work days. A more scientific approach might provide more conclusive data, but the survey and employee comments suggest that in addition to being happier, 12-hour shift workers are probably healthier as well. “
The captain puts this in perspective: “Before implementation, the main concern was whether 12-hour shifts would have a negative impact on the quality of the service provided by the department. Objective data suggest that it does not. There was no negative fiscal impact, and a trend toward less sick leave use was noted.”
To read the Captain’s full report, WPCNR directs you to http://www.policechiefmagazine.org/magazine/index.cfm?fuseaction=display_arch&article_id=1435&issue_id=32008